Rollo May Theory of Personality Analysis

Rollo may Theory of Personality AnalysisRollo Reese may was born on April 21, 1909, in Ada Ohio to Earl Tittle and Matie Boughton, he was the first son and the molybdenum gear child of six children. Both of his p argonnts were not well educated and on that point was very intellectual motivation in the household. mays kick upstairss didnt get along and terminate up getting a divorce. (Dr. C. George Boeree, 1998, 2006, p. 1)whitethorn older sister was diagnosing with schizophrenic and the father blame the illness on too more education. Growing up may was not close to his p arnts and really dis want his mother, he con arrayred his mom as a bitch-kitty on wheels. He believed that his mothers bearing and his older sister schizophrenia caused him to watch deuce failed conglutinations. (Rabinowitz, Good, Cozad, 1989). mays was married virtuoso-third times and had ii failed marriages, from his first wife he had three children a son and two daughters, he stood marry for 30 classs in his first marriage due to the children, tho thence realized the marriage wasnt exhalation to get better and end up divorcing his first wife, his second marriage was likewise unsuccessful. The last woman that he married was ring Georgia Miller Johnson and was a Jungian analyst and that marriage lasted from 1988 until he died of tuberculosis, his son Robert Rollo was a director of counseling at Amherst College and his twin sister Carolyn Jane was a social worker and wileist and the third child was Allegra Anne who was a documentary film writer and a single mother of two adopted multiracial children. (Bugental, 1996, p. 418).May attend college at Michigan express University and major in English and was asked to consecrate because he became an editor of a radical student magazine, he then transferred to Oberlin College where he received his BA in the year of 1930. After graduating, he pursued in art and was traveling through Europe with a group of artist. He stood in Europe from 1930 until 1933 and addition to his account of art, he taught at an American College in Greece where he took summer seminars that was taught by Alfred Adler in Vienna.In his second year while creation in Europe, he began to question the meaning of his heartspan when he came d stupefy with tuberculosis, While being in an sanatorium, he was face with the possibility of demolition, he had a lot of time to read many a(prenominal) literatures, he came across a literatures that was on the writer named Soren Kierkegaard, who was a Danish religious writer, a soulfulness that was inspire of existential movement. May became inspired of Soren Kierkegaard words of wisdom that it gave May the inspiration of coming up with his own guess. (Dr. C. George Boeree, 1998, 2006)Rollo Reese May was best known as an American existential psychologist and he was referred as the father of existential psychotherapy. May was associated with the forgivingistic psychology he had a diffe rent way of thinking on the Human initiation, then other psychologist, his merciful suppositionion was sharper on the tragic dimension. fit to Dr. C. George Boeree, (1998, 2006) on Mays personality Theories, stated that Rollo Reese May, used different terms and invented crude words from or so of existentialism old ideas, for example the word raft is the same as thrownness and it is combined with the word fallenness, which mean that part of peoples lives that is chance for them, he also gave another example of the word courage, which was used more often than the traditionalistic term authenticity, which meant facing ones fear and then pilfer above it. (Dr. C. George Boeree, 1998, 2006).According to Serlin, llene, Mays work was maintained by the balance amongst darkness and light, between the experiential and the intellectual. May considered the funda affable questions of homophile existence as the nature of evil, esteem and get out and the meaning of perplexity and the heavy of myth. May inspired many people and it came from his ability to name the vitiate of create in its face, to name evil notwithstanding worked toward the adept, to see meaningless, moreover to discover meaning and to face death, except create olfactory modality. May was in the antiwar movement and many other social causes, he taught and mentored countless students and called himself a gentle rebel (Serlin, llene A. Tikkun, January 1995. pg. 65), in the face of an increasing dehumanized world.Rollo Reese May Theories of PersonalitiesWhile being under influenced of Freud, Kierkegaard and Tillich, May developed a theory of personality that was based on existential philosophy and from that, he accept the following termsDasein means a particular person in a world that is particular time and existing is under a particular set of spate.Mays Three Modes of ExistenceUmwelt is the interaction with the physical world, Mitwelt, is the interaction with other domain and the E igenwelt is the interaction with oneself.Alienation is when a person is take step up of aspect of the nature, which results of judgement lonely, emptiness and despair this happens because the three modes of existence is estrange from nature and from other people.Mays describe drop by the slipwayidedom, which a person can be free to choose the meaning of their own existence. Since a person is free to choose what example a person they become, they have to be responsible for what they become, another person circumstance of their fate can be extolment or blamed for the nature of their existence, because we ar responsible for ourselves. Ontology is the study of being. within existentialism, ontological analysis is directed at understanding the essence of gentlemans gentleman in general and of individual in particular. Phenomenology is the study of conscious experience as it exists for the person without any attempts to reduce, divide or compartmentalize it in anyway. Authent icity, if people live their lives in accordance with determine that are freely chosen, they are living authentic lives, if however if people conform to values established by others, they have not exercised their personal freedom and are therefore living inauthentic lives, inauthentic is causally related to psychoneurotic anxiety and guilt and the feeling of loneliness, ineffectiveness, self alienation and despair. Death because existence are mortal and because death is the ultimate state of nonbeing, cognizantness of ones necessary death can cause anxiety. The source of anxiety is part of human existence and cannot be voided. The awareness of death, however, can add vitality to life by motivating a person as much out of life as possible in the limited time available. Thrownness is the circumstanced of a persons lives which it cant be control. Other existentialist referred this as thrownness and May refers it as destiny.May was the only existential psychologist that discusses cert ain stages, not as exacting as the Freudian development.Mays StagesInnocence is the pre self conscious stage of an infant, it is the truthful of premoral that is neither bad or good, the description that was arrive atn is like a wild animal who kills to eat and since the animal has to eat, he or she has to do what is must. Rebellion stage, the childhood and adolescent is when the ego or self-consciousness of the telephone circuit with an adult from the no of a two years old to the no way of a teenager, which mean the rebellious person wants their freedom and does not yet understand of the responsibility that goes along with it. A teenager would like to use their allowance money on what ever they want, but muted what the parent to provide the money and still complain about the parent not being fair. Ordinary stage is when the common adult ego, formal and a little boring, perhaps they have learned that the responsibility, but start out it too demanding, and so seek refuge in c onformity and traditional values. Creative is an authentic adult, the existential stage, beyond ego and self-actualizing. This is the person who, evaluate destiny, faces anxiety with courage.Human DilemmaAccording to May (1967), the human quandary is when people can view themselves as both the work and the end at the same time. Mays description of the object-subject dichotomy is done in heterogeneous ways, which is not always consistence. People are capable of seeing themselves as an object to things that happens to them, which are influenced by their destiny. Objectives are events of variables that are caused through tension that can cause a persons behavior, which is the stimulation that happens in certain ways and the way people respond to that certain way. Subjective is when the person is aware of the fact is happening to them and acts on the information, which gives them the determination of experience that are worth(predicate) and which one are not valuable to them and t hen act correspond to the personal formulations. (May, 1977, pp.198-201)May description of self-relatedness is distinguished of a human that ataraxis from nature. It is mans capacity to stand outside himself, to know he is the subject as well as the object of experience, to see himself as the entity who is acting in the world of objects (May, 1967, p. 75).Humans can view the world and we can also view ourselves viewing and the self-relatedness or consciousness of our self allows the humans to get out the determinism and personal influence what we do. Humans consciousness of ones self can give us the power to stand outside of the rigid chain of stimulant drug and response to pause and by that pause can throw somewhat weight on either side that can cast some decision and what the response will be, (May, 1953, p. 161).According to May feeling on these two psychologists, Sk intragroup and Rogers, he felt that they had emphasized one side of the dilemma but was at the expense of oth ers. Skinner had avoided the subjective of experience, May felt that people dont react to their inner experience of their environment, but they do see their environment in terms of their past experience and they do interpret the terms of their own symbols of hope and fear,(May, 1967, p. 15).Mays description of intentionality meant all mental acts are purely subjective of the way it is intended or that relates to the events that are from the outside of themselves. The example that was given, hump is a subjective experience but one must love someone of something. Perception is a subject experience but one must perceive something. (May, 1969, pp. 224-225)Importance of inventionMay believed that myth is the way of making sense in a senseless world, and is a narrative pattern that gives the significance to the society of existence (1991, p. 15), the problem in the society as cults, drug addiction, suicide and mental picture are traced of the lack of myths that can provide the individu als with a sense of their inner security.Anxiety and GuiltMay was really inte hiatused in the human anxiety and guilt he rejected Freuds interpretation of anxiety as the result from involvement that is between a persons biological needs and the demands of society. May felt that Freuds analyzed was too biological and compartmentalized and Freuds anxiety viewed his results from the conflict of the id, ego, and superego, but May approved on Kierkegaards existential definition sort of because Kierkegaard theory of human freedom and anxiety went hand and hand.Normal anxiety is when a person experience the attempt to expand ones conscious or when the new values is displaced with the old ones due to changes in the person circumstances and it is an integral of a healthy growth, Mays theory consists that all growth of anxiety is the creation of surrender past values (May, 1967, p. 80).Neurotic anxiety is when a person hasnt met their normal anxiety on the time of the actual crisis in their growth and the threat to their values, which the neurotic anxiety ends in the result of the preceding(prenominal) unmet normal anxiety (May, 1967, p. 80). In my understanding of Mays theory on normal anxiety and neurotic anxiety, one is when the person is having a problem, but not major and the problem can be solve. Example, when it is time to write a paper my normal anxiety kicks in and I start feeling shortness of breathe and then I cant concentrate on what I am doing and then I have to walk out for a little while to relax. Neurotic anxiety is when a person have problems and cant control their feeling and start to think that life is not going to get better for them, they start to become depress, feeling lonely and dont what to do anything with their lives, but it all depends on the circumstances the person is going through.May had four description of love and they are Sex, physical attraction, Philia and agape(predicate)Sex is the biological drives that can be satisfy by gen tle in sexual intercourse, the same way eating a repast that can satisfy the hunger drive, which both can be triggered by the need and the availability of an object that will satisfy the need, (May, 1969, p.73).May one important wad daimons was the eros which to him was love not sex and in the Greek mythology was the minor god pictured as a little man and later the eros had transferred into an annoying little cupid, he tacit that love was the need that people have to become as one with another person and was referred of an ancient Greek story that was by Aristophanes, that people was originally a four legged, four armed and a two headed creature and people became to prideful that the gods spilt the people into two, male and female and had utter us with the never ending desire to recover the people deficient in half, according to May, like any daimon, eros it is a good thing until it takes over the personality and the people would become obsessed with it. May also believe that the theory of will is another important concept and it was the ability for a person to organize their lives in order to reach out in their goals and that will is also a daimon that can have potential to take over a person. Another definition of will is the ability to make a wish to come true. (Boeree, C. George, 1998, 2006)Philia is the third of love which is a friendship or a brotherly love. According to May, Eros cannot last for long without Philia because the tension of continuous attraction and passion would be too great (May, 1969). Philia is the relaxation in the presence of the beloved with accepts the others being as being it is simply liking to be with the other, liking to rest with the other, liking the rhythm of the walk, the voice, the whole being of the other.Agape is the fourth fictitious character of loving, which May, 1969, p. 310), is the unselfishness of concern for ones partner and the aspect of love that is unconditional.New apprehension of HumanAccording to May an approach of the study on human nature, should not reduce the collection of habits, brain functions, genetically determined traits, other(a) experiences or environmental events, all that is needed for science of humans are based on the ontological characteristic of humans and that science should take into consideration of human freedom and the importance of their phenomenological experience, the use of symbols and myths and the ability of the past, present and future in making decisions should value the process.Empirical Research are done by most existential theorists that are unconcern with the experiential validation of their concepts and believe that the place to validate their concepts is when the arena of everyday life, or in the therapeutic situation and not with a systematic laboratory or field of investigations. According to Van Kaam, (1966), an existential psychologist summarized the viewpoint birth such as responsibility, dread, anxiety, despair, freedom, love, wonde r or decision cannot be metrical or experimented with, they are simply there and can only be explicated in their givenness (Van Kaam, 1966, p. 187).May did not rejected the idea of the objective study of humans, but felt that the traditional scientific methodology was not appropriate, but he felt, what was needed was an approach of the studies of humans as whole, unique, complex beings. many a(prenominal) sciences welcomed Mays idea of developing of science more appropriate to the study of humans and not based on the assumptions and techniques of the natural science (Hergenhanh Olson, 2007, p. 32).ConclusionRollo Reese May theories of Personality was inspiring, because as a psychologist, he consider the people as human beings, not just an experimental objective. His theories explain of different type of anxiety and what they meant in the human nature, he also explains the difference of love and the will to achieve in a goal. I felt that May Reese Rollo, really care for the people and once he became sick of Tuberculosis, he needed to let people know the understanding and the meaning of death and that people shouldnt be afraid of it, because one day we are going to leave the earth and we shouldnt be afraid of the word death. I have in mind telling my mom that I was appald of getting old and scare of dying and I didnt understand why I felt this way, but as I got older and realized that one day, we would have to leave this earth and we should enjoy the rest of our lives and shouldnt worry about dying and divinity would know when it is time for us to go.